Translations are context sensitive. If no context is given several
translations are possible. I have limited myself to giving only
one. If you are unsure whether your translation is correct, you
can post it on our forum.
You may click the links if you are having trouble translating,
but try to do it yourself first.
| 1. |
馬と羊と牛がいる。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
うまとひつじとうしがいる。 |
| |
There's
a horse, a sheep and a cow.
Uma to hitsuji to ushi
ga iru.
が indicates the subject,
と combines nouns. In this case everything before が is the
subject.
|
| 2. |
家の中に人がいる。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
いえのなかにひとがいる。 |
| |
There
is someone in the house. / There are people in the house.
Ie no naka ni hito ga
iru.
に indicates the location
of the subject. Translating from back to front helps to see
the relations.
|
| 3. |
うちの庭に犬がいる。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
うちのにわにいぬがいる。 |
| |
There's
a dog in our garden.
Uchi no niwa ni inu
ga iru.
うちの means my or our.
|
| 4. |
居間に猫がいる。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
いまにねこがいる。 |
| |
There's
a cat in the living room.
Ima ni neko ga iru.
に is the location of
the subject.
|
| 5. |
外に牛田さんがいる。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
そとにうしださんがいる。 |
| |
Mr. Ushida
is outside.
Soto ni Ushida-san
ga iru.
The order is "location",
"subject", "verb" here.
|
| 6. |
森の中に家がある。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
もりのなかにいえがある。 |
| |
There's
a house in the forest.
Mori no naka ni ie
ga aru.
ある is used when the
grammatical subject is an inanimate object..
|
| 7. |
庭に石がある。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
にわにいしがある。 |
| |
There
are stones in the garden.
Niwa ni ishi ga aru.
"location",
"subject", "verb"
|
| 8. |
うちに車がある。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
うちにくるまがある。 |
| |
We have
a car.
Uchi ni kuruma ga aru.
に…ある should be translated
as a posessive. Uchi can mean both house, home or my family.
|
| 9. |
右に出口がある。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
みぎにでぐちがある。 |
| |
There's
an exit on the right.
Migi ni deguchi ga
aru.
According to the rules
of the road in Japan, entrances are on the left, and exits
on the right.
|
| 10. |
左に入口がある。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
ひだりにいりぐちがある。 |
| |
There's
an entrance on the left.
Hidari ni iriguchi
ga aru.
Check translation no.
9.
|
| 11. |
猫が居間に入る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
ねこがいまにはいる。 |
| |
The cat
enters the living room.
Neko ga ima ni hairu.
に is a direction here.
The closer a statement is to a verb, the more important it
becomes.
|
| 12. |
日が山に入る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
ひがやまにはいる。 |
| |
The sets
in the mountains.
Hi ga yama ni hairu.
入る means to enter,
translate it more freely so it makes sense when combined with
日
|
| 13. |
日が出る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
ひがでる。 |
| |
The sun
comes up.
Hi ga deru.
出る can be "to
come out" or "to appear".
|
| 14. |
月が山の上に出る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
つきがやまのうえにでる。 |
| |
The moon
comes up over the mountains.
Tsuki ga yama no ue
ni deru.
出る is not associated
with a direction, but rather with a location.
|
| 15. |
石田さんが家を出る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
いしださんがいえをでる。 |
| |
Mr. Ishida
leaves the house.
Ishida-san ga ie wo
deru.
を出る means "to
leave" or "to leave".
|
| 16. |
石川さんが東京から来る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
いしかわさんがとうきょうからくる。 |
| |
Mr. Ishikawa
comes from Tokyo.
Ishikawa-san ga Toukyou
kara kuru.
から means from, and
indicates a direction.
|
| 17. |
右から車が来る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
みぎからくるまがくる。 |
| |
Cars
come from the right.
Migi kara kuruma ga
kuru.
In Japan people drive
on the left hand side of the road, this could be an explanation
when crossing the street.
|
| 18. |
谷川さんがうちに来る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
たにがわさんがうちにくる。 |
| |
Mr. Tanigawa
is coming over.
Tanigawa-san ga uchi
ni kuru.
来る means "in my
direction".
|
| 19. |
森川さんと田村さんが駅へ行く。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
もりかわさんとたむらさんがえきへいく。 |
| |
Mr. Morikawa
and Ms. Tamura go to the train station.
Morikawa-san to Murata-san
ga eki e iku.
Note that the へ is
pronounced as "e" and indicates a direction. 行く
means "away from me".
|
| 20. |
東京駅から上野へ行く。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
とうきょうえきからうえのへいく。 |
| |
I go
from Tokyo station to Ueno.
Toukyou-eki kara Ueno
e iku.
A combination of directions,
from one place to another.
|
| 21. |
野村さんが日本へ行く。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
のむらさんがにほんへいく。 |
| |
Mr. Nomura
goes to Japan.
Nomura-san ga Nihon
e iku.
日本 has two readings:
Nihon and Nippon. Nippon sounds old fashioned, though it is
still used.
|
| 22. |
川口さんが町まで行く。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
かわぐちさんがまちまでいく。 |
| |
Mr. Kawaguchi
is going to town.
Kawaguchi-san ga machi
made iku.
まで means "in the
direction of", not so much a destination.
|
| 23. |
森村さんが岩田さんと上野まで行く。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
もりむらさんがいわたさんとうえのまでいく。 |
| |
Mr. Morimura
goes to Ueno with Mr. Iwata.
Morimura-san ga Iwata-san
to Ueno made iku.
Only the statement
before "が" is the grammatical subject.
|
| 24. |
牛山さんと野田さんがうちまで来る。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
うしやまさんとのださんがうちまでくる。 |
| |
Mr. Ushiyama
and Mr. Noda are going to come over.
Ushiyama-san to Noda-san
ga uchi made kuru.
The entire statement
before "が" are the grammatical subject.
|
| 25. |
有田さんがうちから山の下の町まで行く。
translation
| transcription
| hint |
|
ありたさんがうちからやまのしたのまちまでいく。 |
| |
Mr. Arita
goes from his home to the town at the foot of the mountain.
Arita-san ga uchi kara
yama no shita no machi made iku.
Split longer sentences
up in small segments and translate each one in turn: 有田さんが
うちから 山の下の町まで 行く。 |
